Some Astronomical Misconceptions
ALL THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE FALSE
(If you think of any others, we'll add them to the list.)
Earth; rotation and revolution
- The Earth is a perfect sphere.
- Latitude and longitude exist only at sea.
- The Sun rises exactly in the east and sets exactly in the west every day.
- Stars and constellations do not rise or set.
- There are an exact number of days in a year.
- Water goes down the drain in different directions in different hemispheres.
- North, south, east, and west are exact places on Earth.
- We experience seasons because of the Earth's changing distance from the Sun.
- Winter is cold because of "indirect" heating by the Sun.
- The Earth is the center of the Solar System.
- Everyone on the Earth shares the same seasons on the same dates.
Moon and its phases
- The Moon can only be seen during the night.
- The Moon does not rotate on an axis.
- The phases of the Moon are caused by shadows cast on its surface by Earth or by other objects in the Solar System.
- We see all sides of the Moon.
- The far side of the Moon is always in darkness
Constellations
- All the stars in a constellation are near one another.
- All stars are the same distance form the Earth.
- The constellations form patterns clearly resembling people, animals, etc.
- The constellations consist of only the stars making the patterns.
- The North Star is the brightest star in the sky.
- Stars leave the sky during the daytime.
- Stars really twinkle.
- Constellations, especially those of the Zodiac, have magical powers
Gravity and space travel
- There is no gravity in space.
- The space shuttle acts as a gravity shield so astronauts don't feel gravity inside.
The Solar System
- The Solar System is very crowded.
- The Solar System contains only the Sun, Moon, and planets.
- Meteors are falling stars.
- Comets sweep across the sky like meteors.
- Comet tails stream behind the comet as the comet moves.
- Comets are burning.
- Planets are close together or are large compared with the distances between them.
- The planets are always arranged in a straight line away from the Sun.
- Alignments of planets are dangerous and can affect the Earth.
- Your personality and future are determined by the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets.
- Planetary orbits are circular.
- Mercury is hot everywhere on its surface.
- Giant planets have solid surfaces.
- Saturn is the only planet with rings.
- Jupiter and Saturn are made of gas.
- The Sun is made of molten lava and is solid in parts.
- The asteroid belt is crowded and dangerous.
Stars and the Universe
- The galaxy is very crowded.
- All stars are the same size.
- Stars are all white and have no colors.
- Stars live forever.
- Black holes are huge vacuum cleaners in space, sucking up everything.
- The redshift of galaxies is caused by the Doppler effect.
- The Big Bang is just a theory; there is no real evidence supporting it.
- Alien life visits us on a regular basis.